Migraine Headaches: The Basics

Migraines are a severe type of headache characterized by moderate-to-severe pain, sensitivity to light and sound, and in some cases, nausea and vomiting. The cause of migraine headaches is thought to be related to contractions of the blood vessels in the brain, and is usually characterized by a steady, throbbing pain. The migraine sufferer typically feels a constant headache, a pounding in the head accompanying each heartbeat.

Migraines are among the most incapacitating types of headaches. They are both severe and difficult to treat. They can last between four hours and three days; chronic migraine sufferers can often count on a major episode once, twice, or even three times a month. Migraine headache remedies include the use of narcotics, pseudo-narcotics and biofeedback. The use of narcotics by sufferers of constant headaches of this type complicates headache with the danger of addiction. Among the less-addictive headache remedies for migraine sufferers are the pseudo-narcotic tramadol (known by its trade name, Ultram), and sumatriptan (Imitrex). For those who suffer from nausea and vomiting associated with their migraines, doctors sometimes prescribe anti-nausea drugs such as prochlorperazine (Compazine) or metoclopramide (Reglan).

In addition to drug therapy, migraine specialists recommend spending time in a quiet, darkened room until the worst of the symptoms subside; this in itself can be an effective migraine headache remedy. There have been some promising results from research into biofeedback and auto-hypnosis as well. Yoga, deep-breathing exercises, and creative visualization have all been used with various degrees of success in migraine treatment. Related to migraine is a condition known as ocular headache, in which the sufferer feels a stabbing pain behind one eye.

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